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THE WEEKLY PARSHA

VAYAISHEV

[ Dvar Torah ] [ Passages on Prayer ]
[ Stories of the Sages ] [ Education ]

(Taken from a weekly publication of Hammaayan Institutes.
Translated by Rabbi Shabtai Teicher)

THE WEEKLY PARSHA
If a person will examine this week's parsha in order to find the common denominator in the flow of events described there, he will discover something quite surprising. In the end, it will appear that the logical connection between these events is their illogic and the seemingly unnatural consequences deriving from them.

Ya'akov makes for his son a striped tunic, and from that simple garment there derives strips of events full of troubles, sorrows and sufferings.

The Hebrew word for "stripes" is "PaSiYM," and the rabbis have understood that its four letters are an acronym for Potiphar (the minister of Egypt who bought Yosef as a slave), Sochrim (merchants), Yishmaelim (Ishmaelites), and Midianites. In other words, the striped garment was destined to inevitably lead to the sale of Yosef from the hand of one to the other until he was finally sold to Potiphar in Egypt.

As to the question of why Potiphar was intimated first in the acronym, whereas he was last in chronological sequence, the Maharal has answered. The final act is in the thought at the beginning. G-d wanted Yosef to descend into Egypt. Therefore, it was intimated first in the acronym.

Afterwards, we read about the story of Yehudah and Tamar. Chazal have said about it: "Reuven was busy wearing sackcloth and fasting (because of the sale of Yosef), Yehudah went down to take a wife for himself, and G-d brought the light of King Messiah into the world."

Rabbi Yochanan said that Yehudah did not want to go along the road where Tamar was waiting for him. G-d sent an angel to him who asked, "Yehudah, where are you going?"

Yehudah answered, "...to the place where kings are standing, to the place where redeemers are standing." The angel then forced him, against his will, and not to his benefit, to turn into the way where she was waiting. This is implied by the words, "He turned towards her, into the way..." (Genesis 38:16).

Finally, it is written, "Yehudah recognized (the tokens), and he said, `She is more righteous than me...'" (ibid.,26). The last words can also be read "from me," and Chazal have said that a voice came from heaven and pronounced them: From me the mysterious event has come -- in order to derive from it the kings of Israel.

It is a natural assumption that people do things and act in such a way that they think the outcome of their deeds will be success. However, from this parsha it becomes clear that success is not within our power. There is a Director to the events taking place here, and He decides how things are going to happen. We can only do what we are supposed to do, and then G-d will do what needs to be done. As the ba'alai mussar have said: a person is obligated to act, but he is not obligated to succeed.

On this same principle the Hasmoneans went to war. They did not have any chance to win, and they went to a battle which was lost from the start. There could have been no greater madness than to go to a suicidal war that could have brought in its wake the destruction of the entire nation. However, the decision was not dependent upon them because the nation was faced with spiritual destruction if they did not act. Because the Greeks were plotting to turn the Jews into a nation "like all the nations" (Duet.17:14), to transform them into citizens of the world, then death was better than life like that. Therefore, they were left with no choice but to fight against that wicked kingdom whatever the outcome might be. They were obligated to act, and the consequences, success or failure, they left to G-d.

We can add another important aspect to this idea that the outcome of an action is not dependent upon the actor. There are many mitzvot which seem to us to entail some sort of loss if we do them. Our natural reason would imply this as well. The obvious example is charity.

Nevertheless, the Rambam writes that a person should know that he never loses by doing this mitzvah, and he is never hurt by doing it. This must be true of all the mitzvot. A person will never suffer any real loss by fulfilling his obligation to do mitzvot, and as happened in those days of the Hasmoneans, miracles will take place in our time as well.

THE PRAYERS OF OUR MOUTH

"Blessed are you, G-d, the reliance and trust for the righteous."

"...Their camels were bearing spices and balm and myrrh" (Gen.37:25). Yosef was sold to a band of Ishmaelites. This verse describes what their caravan was carrying. Rashi asks why Scripture troubles to tell us what they were carrying?

He answers that this is to inform us about the reward of the righteous. Ishmaelite caravans usually carry resins and kerosene which have a foul smell. In order not to harm the tzadik with its bad odor, this caravan "happened" to be carrying sweet smelling incenses.

In connection with this it is worthwhile to note how the Vilna Gaon explained the blessing in the Amidah prayer, "the reliance and trust for the righteous." G-d is the "trust" for the righteous who trust in Him. He is sure to provide their needs when the time comes. And if that time is defered, then beforehand He is their "reliance," in order that they will not lose trust in Him until the time comes.

We find the same pattern operated in Egypt. Before the actual time of liberation from Egypt came, G-d showed the Jews many miracles and wonders in order that they should rely upon Him and hold completely fast to trust in Him. Then they would merit to liberation in great glory.

It will be the same way in the future. "As the days when you went out from Egypt, I will show you wonders." He is a reliance for us in order to trust in Him.

STORIES OF OUR SAGES

"...G-d blessed the Egyptian's house because of Yosef" (Genesis 39:5).

Rebbe Bunam from Pashischa said that twice his prayers were answered immediately. We will tell the story of one of them which relates to the parsha and to what was written previously.

Before Rebbe Bunam began to serve as a rabbi he worked for the gentleman, Reb Birka of Warsaw, transporting logs down the Vasly River to be sold in Danzig. It happened that once he arrived in Danzig just as the price of wood fell drastically. The large investment of Reb Birka was on the verge of being lost entirely. Other merchants came out of the debacle nearly bankrupt.

Rebbe Bunam stayed in Danzig several weeks. He did not want to sell until the price improved. At one point, while sitting in the inn, he began to cry and prayed to G-d.

He said, "Just like the Egyptian's house was blessed because of Yosef, it is fitting that my boss, Reb Birka, should be blessed because of me. Although I am not Yosef, my boss is also not like the Egyptian."

As soon as he finished these words, the door of the inn opened and an agent came in with a new merchant. He brought word that the price of wood had risen. Rebbe Bunam was able to sell at a good profit.

EDUCATING OUR CHILDREN

An excerpt from a letter of the Staipler Rav z"l, Rabbi Ya'akov Yisrael Kanevski, on the necessity to establish schools based on strict holiness....

Our souls are weeping. In many places the state of Judaism and the holy Torah is daily deteriorating. The main thing is education. For many years throughout our exile it was the custom and it was accepted that the Torah was the principal and sustaining part of education, whereas other subjects were secondary and expendible. In this way our children grew, they were able to keep their Judaism in all situations and to transmit it to the next generation from father to son.

However, from the beginning of the period of the Haskala in Germany two hundred years ago education began to change. This was the beginning of the damage: to change the education by making secular learning into the main part. From that time onward the deterioration has leaped ahead. Thousands and tens of thousands have been converted away from their religion, may G-d have mercy upon us. Those who have remained with the label "Jewish" have been left naked, bereft of everything, without Torah, without faith, may G-d have mercy.

(There were a few individuals who were saved from the flood of heresy, and a few congregations who merited to great leaders who sealed the dikes.)

In our generation the breach is even more terrible and frightening. The constant stream of propaganda for all kinds of heresies and idolatries (may G-d have mercy) through newspapers, radio and television and all the forms of publicity destroying the world, is horrifying. Even if a child is educated in a proper school, he needs an enormous amount of Divine Mercy and intervention not to be drawn into the current. All the more so for those who are not educated in schools based on strict holiness, even the best of them, even those which provide a few hours a week for the study of holy subjects. There is no hope that children who attend them will be educated to become believing and observant Jews, and whatever Judaism they did receive in these schools will be removed from their hearts as soon as they leave them to study elsewhere.

May G-d have mercy. What will become of Judaism? What will become of the Torah for whose sake we passed through fire and water? Who will hold her? And what about the honor of G-d?

There is an enormous obligation upon those who can do it, to establish schools based on strict holiness, in order to save those who can be saved. This is also a very great merit, as Chazal have said (the end of Yerushalmi Berachot): Rashbi said, "If you see the hands of people overly despairing from the Torah, then stand fast, strengthen them, and you will take the reward of all of them."

All those who help and assist to found and support kosher schools based on strict holiness, and all those who send their children to be educated there, will merit to "the great good which has been hidden away for the tzadikim." They will be among those who "benefit the public." Most of them will see great blessings in this world, all that they do will turn to good, they will enjoy satisfaction and nachat from their offspring, and they will be called "friends of G-d...."

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