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THE WEEKLY PARSHA

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[ Dvar Torah ] [ Passages on Prayer ]
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(Taken from a weekly publication of Hammaayan Institutes.
Translated by Rabbi Shabtai Teicher)

THE WEEKLY PARSHA
In the beginning of the Book of Exodus when the Torah first starts to tell us about the period of Israel's enslavement in Egypt, it is written, "A new king arose over Egypt..." (Exodus 1:8). The Midrash says that the Egyptians came to Pharoah and said, "Let us go against these people." He said to them, "Fools, we are alive and eating because of them. How could we go against them? If it were not for Yosef, we would not be alive." Because he did not listen to them, the people removed him from the throne. After three months he said to them, "I will be with you in whatever you want to do," and they restored him. Therefore, it is written, "A new king arose over Egypt who..." acted as if he "did not know Yosef."

In other words, Pharoah was forced to make decrees against Israel contrary to his own will, and not to his own benefit, but only for the sake of holding on to his office. Consequently, it would seem that as soon as this compulsion was removed, he would be the first to agree to cancel the oppressive laws. Therefore, we are surprised that when his people say to him "...It is the finger of G-d," he does not cease the oppression. And it is absolutely astonishing that his heart does not soften when his servants plead (Exodus 10:7), "...Send these people and they will worship the L-rd their G-d; do you not yet know that Egypt has lost?" Nevertheless, he does not budge from his position!

This amazing phenomenon can be explained by refering to what the sages said about the verse: "They will see what is with them -- their abominations and their filth, wood and stone, silver and gold" (Duet.29:16). At first, when a person transgresses, the act appears to him as something abominable and filthy. After he becomes accustomed to it, then it appears as wood and stone. Finally, he runs after it as if he were running after silver and gold.

However, this phenomenon is really much deeper. In his heart he resisted this thing which was agaisnt his conscience. He was engaged in an internal battle with himself. In order to shut down the voice that was crying within him, he had to invest all his strength and powers. He had to invent all kinds of justifications and excuses until it becomes impossible for him to separate himself from them. That is why Chazal said that one who has learned and gone away from the Torah is worse than an irreligious person who had never learned. The former must destroy the good that was instilled in him by his learning.

Similarly, it is written, "Your destroyers and your demolishers will go out from you..." (Isaiah 49:17), which is also understood by Chazal to mean that the destruction and catastrophe comes from people who are in the midst of Israel. They fought against themselves to conquer the true voice screaming from their midst. Although their course proves a failure time after time, it is almost impossible for them to change or to admit their mistake.

From this phenomenon another aspect should also be learned. Those who have led the war against the slightest manifestation of kedushah (holiness) or spirituality, are those who have had to fight the strongest to try to uproot the truth resounding in some recess of their inner being. Therefore, in a sense, they are the closest to the kedushah against which they are constantly struggling. We should not be angry with them when they pour forth their fire and brimstone and hate. Rather, we should have pity and mercy for them because they are fighting against themselves, and they are doomed to this hopeless battle until such time as the truth returns to shine again, and the hearts of those who have gone astray return to their Father in Heaven.

THE PRAYERS OF OUR MOUTH

"See, please, our afflictions, and fight our quarrels...."

In the seventh blessing of the Amidah prayer we say, "See, please, our afflictions...." A person must be very careful not to skip over the word "please (na)." According to the Arizal it is essential.

"And redeem us quickly for the sake of Your Name...." A general rule that a person ought to know is that whenever the word "Your Name" is mentioned in the prayers, it refers to the Holy Shechinah (Divine Presence). A person should think the following intention when saying this prayer: Redeem us for the sake of Your Shechinah who is called Your Name, because She is in pain. "Because You are a powerful Redeemer. Blessed are You, G-d, the Redeemer of Israel." (Yesod Veshoresh Ha'avodah)

"Blessed are You, G-d, the Redeemer of Israel." The Hebrew words for "the Redeemer of Israel" can also be understood to mean "the One who is redeeming Israel." Consequently, there is a question somewhat more pertinent in this blessing of the Amidah prayer than in any of the others. Why is it written in the present tense? Why is written "the One who is redeeming Israel," and not "the One who had redeemed Israel" as we find, for example, in the blessings over the Shema in the Evening Prayer?

Having asked this question, the Ya'arot Devash (Part 1) answers that G-d is redeeming, delivering and saving us every single day all the time. Furthermore, the Ya'arot Devash seems to imply that the present tense includes the obligation incumbent upon everyone to praise G-d for the past, as well as to pray for the next day that is coming. We need redemption every day all the time.

In one of the rebukes of the Torah it is written, "Your life will be suspended in front of you.... In the morning you will say, `Would that it were evening...'"(Duet.28:66-67). In this prayer we can fulfill this prophecy. We must pray over and over again for deliverance and redemption.

A person should put it into his heart to pray for the castaways of Israel that G-d should have mercy upon them and spread His wings of salvation over them to save them and deliver them speedily in our days. (Etz Yosef)

STORIES OF OUR SAGES

"...Come to Pharoah" (Exodus 10:1). Reb Motel Mikalshin z"l was a famous and wealthy disciple of the holy Rabbi Yitchak of Vorki z"l. Reb Motel was able to speak Polish very eloquently.

Once the holy rebbe called him to ask him to go to one of the Polish noblemen to try to nullify a decree which had not yet been enacted but was on the verge of being mandated. The government wanted to order the burning of the Shulchan Aruch Choshen Mishpat -- the volume of the Jewish Code of Law which deals with civil and monetary laws. They reasoned that there are laws of the state, and the Jews should be obligated to adjudicate their legal disputes in the state courts and according to the legislation of the state.

The nobleman to whom the Rebbe wanted to send Reb Motel was known as a person with a fierce temper. He threatened to shoot anyone who came to him with any kind of request whatever it was.

The Rebbe said to Reb Motel that "G-d said to Moshe, come to Pharoah...." He did not say, "Go to Pharoah." Moshe was afraid of what Pharoah might do. Therefore, G-d said to him that He will go together with him. Come, let us go to Pharoah together.

Reb Motel then went on the mission with great joy. When the nobleman saw Reb Motel he was astonished, and fulfilled his request.

EDUCATING OUR CHILDREN

CHILDREN OF KINGS

"...Do not break the bones of it" (Exodus 12:46). In the Sefer Hachinuch (Commandment 16) the reason for this mitzvah not to break the bones of the Passover sacrifice is discussed. The author states that it is a subsidiary derived from the basic concept that was explained beforehand, to remember the miraculous liberation from Egypt. Therefore, on the night of Passover we are commanded to conduct ourselves like kings and the children of kings.

He then writes: "It is not respectable for the children of kings and the councillors of the land to drag bones and break them like dogs. This is only fitting for poor and starving people. Therefore, when we started to become a chosen people, a nation of priests and a holy people, and every year at the same time, it is proper for us to display the great prestige which we attained at that time. By doing this we arouse the imagination in order that it will become fixed in our minds forever."

Rabbi Shmuel Rozovsky, the Rosh Yeshivah of Ponovez, added to these words of the Sefer Hachinuch. Although the Passover sacrifice is no longer conducted as it was in the time of the Temple, its content and meaning continues to be applicable at all times and in every moment.

It is obligatory upon every Jewish person to conduct himself with great dignity, as befits the ways of the children of kings. This is something which must be expressed in all the ways of life: when he lays down and when he rises up, when he speaks and when he does business, when he stands and when he walks. Everything has a value and a significance. Every movement has a meaning. If he does not conduct himself accordingly, G-d forbid, then it becomes what the Sefer Hachinuch defined as dragging bones and breaking them "like a dog." Conduct like that can become a vacuum into which all of a person's spirituality can disappear.

For example, a Torah student can learn diligently and properly throughout the seder. Then he goes to the cafeteria to eat. If he does not conduct himself properly during the meal, G-d forbid, then there can be formed a vacuum which will swallow everything that he acquired and achieved during his learning. There is Torah which is specifically applicable to conduct during the time of eating. He must take care about numerous laws of Hilchot Derech Eretz (Manners), despite the tendency of a person to neglectfully trample upon them. Everything can fall into the vacuum, G-d forbid.

Once Rabbi Issar Zalman Meltzer sent a group of young men to the Slobodka Zeide, Rabbi Natan Tzvi Finkel, in order that he should lecture them about ethical conduct, and in this way to "question what is in the bottle," that is to say, to see what they were about. The young men stayed by the Zeide for several hours, and afterwards he gave his opinion about each one of them to Rabbi Issar Zalman.

Among them was one young man who was known as a genius, but it was precicely him who the Zeide did not praise. He even said to Rabbi Issar Zalman that "from that young man nothing will come." Rabbi Issar Zalman wondered how the Zeide could know such a thing. The Zeide answered, "He does not have any manners (derech eretz). When they were served tea some sugar fell upon the tablecloth. That young man dipped his finger into the sugar and stuck it into his mouth."

"From that young man nothing will come," the Zeide had said, and so it was. After some time the young man was appointed to the position of Rabbi in one city. Entanglements occurred which compelled him to resign from the Rabbinate, and he became a lawyer. Then it became known that he was involved with fraud and he was imprisoned. (Rabbi Ya'akov Neiman)

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